-Apendix.

Knigt,C. (2005), The graphic designer's guide to effective visual communication. 1st ed. UK.




Roberts, L (2006), Visual communication: from theory to practice. 1st ed. Lausanne.




Smith,K, (2005), Handbook of visual communication : theory, methods, and media. Mahwah, N. J. : L. Erlbaum.




Roland,B,(1977),Rhetoric of the Image, in Image/Music/Text, Fontana Press




Walter, B(2008), The Work of Art in an Age of Mechanical Reproduction.




Bai,B (2010), Semiotics,(Online),Bai du bai ke,Bai du. Available from:

http://baike.baidu.com/view/72633.htm.  Acessed in April 1, 2011.

King, Y (2010), The knight (Online), Available from:

http://tieba.baidu.com/f?kz=722495995.  Acessed in April 1, 2011.

Art, F (2007), Sleeping Venus, (Online), Available from : http://ccd.zjol.com.cn/sjmhxs/sjmhxs002.htm. Acessed in April 1, 2011.

Sing, Z (2011), Seaport, (Online),Available from : http://www.zhengxxg.cn/qc/2216.html . Acessed in April 2, 2011.

Hai,Z, (2010)Street painting, (Online),Available from : http://hiphotos.baidu.com/zhihaijuly/pic/item/6f52143ad6151b84d462256e.jpg. Acessed in April 2, 2011.

Jack, I,(2008),Famous photogrphys, (Online),Available from : http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_49cac476010085ul.html. Acessed in April 2, 2011.

Image from online :

http://image.baidu.com/i?ct=503316480&z=&tn=baiduimagedetail&word=%C6%EB%B0%D7%CA%AF+%CF%BA&in=2350&cl=2&lm=-1&pn=7&rn=1&di=26255878575&ln=2000&fr=&fmq=&ic=0&s=0&se=1&sme=0&tab=&width=&height=&face=0&is=&istype=2#pn7&-1

http://image.baidu.com/i?ct=503316480&z=&tn=baiduimagedetail&word=%C6%EB%B0%D7%CA%AF+%CF%BA&in=24176&cl=2&lm=-1&pn=16&rn=1&di=53148626688&ln=2000&fr=&fmq=&ic=0&s=0&se=1&sme=0&tab=&width=&height=&face=0&is=&istype=2#pn16&-1

http://image.baidu.com/i?ct=503316480&z=&tn=baiduimagedetail&word=%B5%D8%D5%F0%C6%ED%B8%A3&in=31683&cl=2&lm=-1&pn=16&rn=1&di=35629929675&ln=2000&fr=&fmq=&ic=0&s=0&se=1&sme=0&tab=&width=&height=&face=0&is=&istype=2

-My media product: A poster.

  I choose to make a poster to be my media product. It is a anti-war poster. I want to use simple lines and pictures to show what I want to tell the viwers. First one is my draft and second one is the finnal product. Roland Barthes said the rules of drawing is based on tranpositions. Based on it, I make the first draft. I choose the red  to be the back ground colour because red is the colour of blood. After the war, many people will bleed or dead, I think red can make the theme of poster more prominent. In addition, The red word "No war " in the mid of the poster can also yell the theme of the poster. The picture above the words are two missiles, two guns and a destroyed earth. It is a equation which means missiles plus missiles and guns equal to zero, it also means wars can make the earth worse. In the right side of the words is a baby who is crying, which represents wars are harmful for our next generation. The soldier which is a disable in the left side is gaving a salute. He came to the war for the country but he came back with walking stick. He hates wars and feel grateful if no wars. In the bottom of the poster, there is two dove of peace, which have olive branch and two hands are holding a beautiful earth. As we know, dove of peace with olive branch is a sign for peace. Doves is the signifier and it's signified peace. This part means if there is no more wars in the world, the earth will pure and beautiful.

   Wars not only make many people lost their home and families, but also make the earth become worse. I want to make this poster to tell people to anti-wars to let us have a happy and hopeful life in the earth.

-Lotus.

          This photo were taken by me near a lake in a morning. I stood in the bridge then saw the one lotus, which is surrounded by the lotus leaves. Then red lotus have contrast in the green leaves, Although there is just one lotus, it make me feel summer is coming and the weather will become warm, because I think lotus is a sign, it is a signifier to signified summer.

-Photography by Lewis Hine.

        It is a simple photo which just include a child labor and a huge machine. Walter Benjamin argue that in photography, exhibition value begins to displace cult value all along the line. In this photographt, the child labor is young and thin. The light in the room is dark and the the room is dirty. The huge machine make contrast to the child labor, it is showed how poor and hopeless the child labor is. Lewis Hine took the photo in the front of the boy and the machine, it let viwers can easily understand what the phoyographer want to tell.

-Photography by Phillipe Halsman.

       The photography above wad taken by Ohillipe Halsman, who is a famous American photographer. This photo shows the live and death of a man. At the left side , we can see a man with black coat and balck hat is thinking. There is a skull in the right side. When we watch the skull carefully, we can see seven beautiful girls there. The photo shows  cute and horror, agly and  beauty, temptation and  resist can be together. Walter Benjamin said that With the different methods of technical reproduction of a work of art, its fitness for
exhibition increased to such an extent that the quantitative shift between its two poles turned into a qualitative transformation of its nature. Phlillipe Halsman used the eight people to rethink the life.

-Photography by Douglas Martin.

  Douglas Martin is a famous photographer. This pgotography were taken by him in 1957. Walter Benjamin said that photography freed the hand of the most important artistic functions,which henceforth devolved only upon the eye looking into a lens. The Black in America are discriminated by the white. Maryin Luther King  started to fight for the right of the black. This photo were taken in Arkansas which is a town already relieve the ethnic isolation. Eight black people will study in this university and the president Eisenhower sent one thousand soldiers to protect them to go to school. The black people did not Bullying by others, but every white people in this photo are despise them. The man and the woman in the mid  are Escort the black people. we can seeserious expreesion in the man's face, but despise in the woman's face. They showed the different attitudes to American's to abolish the old system.This photo tell the viwers even the old system was abolish, but many people still have feudla concept to black people. It's showed the most real situation at that time.

-The Massacre at Chios.

The Massacre at Chios is a painting which painted by Edugene Delacroix in 1824. The painting discribe a massacre at chios, people in it are scared or violent. The colours in it have strong contract, because different colour make the expression in people's face are more real. The coluds in the sky make the painting more grieved. The close scene and the perspective are separate un two parts to express cruel turkish invaders make the greek have serious disasters. In the close scene, the greeks are painful and we can see lots greeks in perspective have the same encounter. People in this painting are hopeless and miserable, that's Delacroix want to tell the viwer.

-Blue Lake in Li Jiang.

         Li Jiang is a small city in Yunnan Province in China. I took this photo in Blue Lake which is near the Yulong Snow Mountain in Li Jiang. Yulong Mountain are snowing every year, but the the trees around Blue Lake always green. The most different thing in Blue lake is the water in the lake is blue, which because of the stone in the lake. Many visitors come to here every year. I took the photo behind a trees so that It is easy to see the whole lake and It is the warm tone.There are only trees and lake in this photo make the place looks pure.

-Shrimps painted by Baishi Qi.

                                                                                             



       This paintings were painted by Baishi Qi, who is a famous painter in twenty centry. He like paint animals like shrimps and birds or mountains and lakers. The painting was painted by writing brush and ink. The eyes and the head of the shrimps are painted by dark ink and the other parts of the shrimps are painted by light ink. It makes the shrimps looks like real. He used different lines to draw the waist of the shrimps to make them have different shape then make them looks like they are moving.

-Portrait of Dr. Gachet.

                                       

            Portrait of Dr. Gachet is a painting which painted by Vincent Van Gogh. In this paiting, there are flowers, a table and a man. Van Gogh painted this painted in front of the Dr. Gachet. There is a sign in this painting. The flowers is a signifier in this painting because this flower is digitalis which is used to treat heart disease. It signified the man is a doctor, and the sign is aribitrary. The doctor looks comfortable in this painting and he is sitting cross the diagonal, which make him filled the whole painting. The colours in this paiting make the panting have contract, especially the yellow table compare with the blue which almost all over the painting. The bending lines, the blue walls and his blue clothes make the expression in his face more depression and critical. The right hand of him is used to support his hand and the sadness from his eyes also make him more depression.
          The contract and the exprssion in this man's face will make viwers easy to have the emotion which Vincent Van Gogh want to show from the painting.

-Towers in Da Li.

This photo was taken in Da Li by me. Da Li is a city which have a long history. These towers called Three towers of Da Li. A lake is near the towers. I choose to take the photo near the lake so that there is the inverted image of the three towers in the photo. Horizon make the photo into two parts, one is the real towers and the other is the incerted image. The background in the real tower is bright and the tone is cool colour but the backgroud in the icerted image is dark and it is warm tone, the differences between them make they have contrast. Moreover, the same scenery in both side make them together.

-Mountain in Scotland.

This photo also taken by me when sunset, but it was taken in Ireland. There are trees, small lakes and mountain in this photo. The time I took this photo is not long after the snow stop, so there are snow around the mountain.The location I took this photo is on the road and it is perspective, because i think it can show the beautiful scenery around the mountain.

-Sunset in Windermere.

This photo were taken by me in Windermere when sunset.  I took this photo in the boat when it not far away to the lake island. In the photo, the sun is nearly in the middle of the photo and separate the lake island in two parts to make the photo symmetry. The trees are Sturdy and vibrant. I think it is warm tone, cause the sunshine will let people feel warm. The sunshine make the photo bright and also make the clouds become golden. Sunset means the end of a day, but the warm sunshine let people feel a better day is coming.

-Saw 3D trailer.

SAW is my favorite movie. It is a famous scary  film, which Movie include horror, booldy and violence. I like it because I feel that film is close to real life which because the scene of the it is in the real life. Jig Saw is my favorite in this film. He is clever and designed a variety of scary games by different machines for people who did something wrong. Since SAW 4, there are fewer audiences pay attention to it, So years later SAW 7  is producted by  3D technology. This allows the audience feel more real and scared when they watching this film. They will feel that horrible things are happen around them. Futhermore, the most part of this moive are shooting in the dark room,which use the cool colour tone, makes the moive more horrible. I feel excited when I saw that trailer last year then I went to cinema to watch this film. I felt it so real and I was scared when someone died because i feel the blood and the flesh came to my face. the director of this film know what the audience like and how to make audience more scared when they watching this film.

I love this film so much .!!  I hope it will become better and better.

-Trees in desert.

     There is just four things which is  desert, sky, trees and shadow of the trees and four colours which is  green, blue, yellow and black in this photo, but they make the photo is hopeful.  In the photo, the desert is oblique, that means the photographer may stood in the central of a hill and use a perspective to take it. There is no cloud in the sky and also no thing in the desert except the trees make the photo looks clean. The shadow of the trees means the sun made the desert dryer but the two green trees let the dry desert more vibrant. All the things in the photo are beautiful to get together and the light tone make the photo bright.

   Even the desert is dry, but trees can grow up here. It let me more confidence to slove things when I have something diffcult.

-Candle in the church.

  

    The first photo  were taken in York Minster by me. The candle is around the whole church. Visitors always light a new candle  then put it in the candlestick when a candle burnout. I stood near the candlestick and focus on the candle in the mid. This is a closet secne. The second photo shows many chinese people are using candle to pray for the earthquack and it is perspective. In China, we always use the candle to pray for the disaster or the earthquake. In the first pickture, there is just a candle so that it means nothing. But in the second photo, there is a sign. Candle is the signifier and pray is the signified. Then candle means pray then itself in sencond photo and it is arbitrary. Viewers see these photo from the front of it. The candle make the pgoto become a warm tone so that these photos are cozy. Earthquack happened in Japen last month, I also want to pray to them with those candles and hope they are safe and happy.

-The Potato Eaters.

     The Potato Eaters were painted by Van Gogh in 1885.In this painting, Van Gogh used the crude model to show the real civilians, which include the religious and respect to the farmers. The composition of the paiting is five farmers, potatoes, table, light,a clock,a kettel and a old picture.He did not use the lines but the condition to express his comments. He focus on the simple farmers sit around the small table and the crude light in the middle, but not the backgound or the old room. Light also make the farmers more languish and prominent. Low roof make the room more narrow and the dark colours made people feel dull and depressed.

-Real painting.

This painting is a street paint, but it looks like real so that many people come to see it. In this painting,  a young man is falling into a hole and there are stones around him.The painter made it become a three-dimensional painting to let it like real. This kind of painting is popular nowadays.

-Seaport.

This painting is painted by Claude Lorrain in  1674. It discribe the sunset of a harbour, and include some fishermen, ships, building and the Sun. A lot of fishermen are cleanning their vessels and they were ready to back home. In the sea, the Sun is close to the horizon and the sun give it's last sunshine to the landscape, we can see sunshine in everyone's face or bodies. The ecpreesion of the fishermen are pleasure and relaxation. we know they must have a great harvest today and feel relax after the all day work. This painting was painted in warm tone and every viewers will feel the happiness from this painting.

-Railway.

    The photo was taken by me in the rail station. I send my friend back to China that day and she will never come back so I feel so sad. I took a photo in the satation to miss her.Even there is just the railway, some people and some wire, but the railway extend to somewhere I can not see let me know the friend will not come back. The people on the platform may wait their friend or the train. I took the photo from the edge of the platform and made it become coll color tone to make it like a leaveing scene more. 

-Sleeping venus.



    Sleeping venus is a painting by Giorgione, but he did not finish the painting till he died, then Titian help him finish the landscape and sky.This is the most succeful painting of Girogione. Walter Benjamin said that the earliest artworks originated in the service of a ritual-first the magical, then the religious kind.In this painting, Venus show the beauty of the nature but not include any religion. Venus is sleeping in the nature scenery let her body become gentle and make she become a part of the nature. This painting represents the vitality of body and purity of heart. The curves of landscape imitate the woman's body and it is let the human's body back to the natural. The sheets were painted by sliver but not the warm tone. Venus raise her right arm and put  her left hand on her groin, there is the Underlying erotic implications.

-Kangaroo's family.

    This photo was taken by me in Australia. The three kangaroo is a family and the baby kangaroo is just 1 moth old. I took this photo because I think they have a happiness life. It is a closeness photo and I took is from the leftside of them. This is the first time I see kangaroos so I feel excited. The picture made me miss my family when I saw it every time.

-The shadow.

           

   This picture was named <the shadow>. It represents the knight was popular in the Middle Ages. The knight will go to a fierce battle which he may never return. His lover is touching his shadow and feel so sad.  She don't touch him but his shadow because she know that when he gone, the thing will left to her is his shadow and his love. There is may be a poor hostage who summon his help, so even she dones't want he go but he can't say anything. In the background, the sky s still blue and the sea is beautiful, but there are many clouds in the sky represent how the two people feeling. Even there is no words to discribe this picture, we also can feel what is the painter want to tell us. 

-The rose. (signifier and signified)

     Semiotics  is the study of generalized symbols on the communication of human sciences, Saussure (1906) separate the sign into signifier and the  Signifier.

     In the first picture, there is only one rose and it is not a signal.But in the second picture, the rose has a a new meaning because the man is holding the rose and he want to give the rose as a gift to the woman. This picture has a sign which is the rose, so  the rose is a signifier and it's signified love. Both rose in this picture, but why the rose  first picture does not mean anything but in the second picture it represents love ?

     According to semiotics, I know that in the  second picture there is a sign which is the Rose.It is iconic, and  there is signifier and signified make it has a sign.